{"id":758,"date":"2016-03-26T15:09:38","date_gmt":"2016-03-26T13:09:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/osxadmin.cz\/?page_id=758"},"modified":"2021-01-29T16:24:39","modified_gmt":"2021-01-29T14:24:39","slug":"test-nest","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/?page_id=758","title":{"rendered":"AppleLab na FIT \u010cVUT"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Od roku 2014 spravuji na FITu Apple u\u010debnu ur\u010denou k v\u00fduce v\u00fdvoje aplikac\u00ed pro Apple platformy. Projekt pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 moje bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce  <a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.cvut.cz\/handle\/10467\/17763\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/dspace.cvut.cz\/handle\/10467\/17763\">P\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e1 studie Apple u\u010debny na \u010cVUT FIT<\/a> a diplomov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce <a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.cvut.cz\/handle\/10467\/65060\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/dspace.cvut.cz\/handle\/10467\/65060\">Provoz Apple laborato\u0159e pro FIT \u010cVUT<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k nepodpo\u0159e macOS Big Sur na Mac mini 2012 se \u017eivot p\u016fvodn\u00ed u\u010debny se ch\u00fdl\u00ed ke konci. Je v\u0161ak z\u00e1jem pokra\u010dovat ve v\u00fduce. U\u010debna mo\u017en\u00e1 bude pokra\u010dovat s Apple Silicon Macy. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat, jak to bylo p\u0159ed lety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/osxadmin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/michal-cvut-1-of-20.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-767\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/lab880.jpg\" alt=\"AppleLab FIT \u010cVUT \"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b programov\u00e1n\u00ed pro iOS v u\u010debn\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00fduka dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. Starat se o u\u010debnu znamen\u00e1 dostat na v\u0161echny po\u010d\u00edta\u010de macOS a hromadu software. Oboj\u00ed je ob\u010das pot\u0159eba aktualizovat. Konfiguraci mus\u00edme uzp\u016fsobit prost\u0159ed\u00ed u\u010debny a zabr\u00e1nit u\u017eivatel\u016fm d\u011blat nep\u011bkn\u00e9 v\u011bci. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b v\u0161e \u0159e\u0161it centr\u00e1ln\u011b a siln\u011b automatizovat. A co takhle dal\u0161\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my? Nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m. P\u0159i startu Mac mini si vyb\u00edr\u00e1te mezi macOS, Linux a Windows. Jak jsem to vy\u0159e\u0161il?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Spr\u00e1va macOS<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/osxadmin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/xcode.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-772\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/xcode350.jpg\" alt=\"Xcode v AppleLab\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednou za rok na podzim vyjde nov\u00e1 verze macOS. Nedlouho na to ji nasazuji v Apple u\u010debn\u011b. Z instal\u00e1toru macOS pomoc\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/MagerValp\/AutoDMG\">AutoDMG<\/a> vytvo\u0159\u00edm image s nikdy nenastartovan\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem a rovnou k n\u011bmu p\u0159ibal\u00edm objemn\u00fd software typu Mathematica nebo MATLAB. V\u0161echny po\u010d\u00edta\u010de v u\u010debn\u011b nastartuj\u00ed macOS p\u0159es s\u00ed\u0165 pomoc\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NetBoot\">NetBoot<\/a>. Automatizovan\u00fdmi akcemi n\u00e1stroje <a href=\"http:\/\/www.deploystudio.com\">DeployStudio<\/a> prob\u011bhne nasazen\u00ed. Obraz s macOS v\u0161ichni klienti obdr\u017e\u00ed z <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.apple.com\/library\/mac\/documentation\/Darwin\/Reference\/ManPages\/man8\/asr.8.html\">ASR<\/a> multicast p\u0159enosu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1va 40ti kousk\u016f software je d\u011bsn\u00e1 otrava. K z\u00e1chran\u011b sp\u011bch\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/autopkg\/autopkg\">AutoPkg<\/a> schopn\u00fd stahovat nov\u011b vy\u0161l\u00e9 verze z web\u016f v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f a importovat je do syst\u00e9mu hromadn\u00e9 instalace. Syst\u00e9mem nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/munki\/munki\">Munki<\/a>. Klient na ka\u017ed\u00e9m Macu si st\u00e1hne a nainstaluje v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 programy. Rovn\u011b\u017e um\u00ed instalovat aktualizace syst\u00e9mu. Abych nad nimi m\u011bl kontrolu, p\u0159ijde vhod schopn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variace na t\u00e9ma Apple Software Update Server &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/wdas\/reposado\">Reposado<\/a>. Vedle klasick\u00e9ho software instalujeme mnoho vlastn\u00edch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch skrz <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/unixorn\/luggage\">luggage<\/a>. Nelze opomenou ani \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch shell a Ruby skript\u016f spole\u010dn\u011b s dokumentac\u00ed verzovan\u00fdch <a href=\"https:\/\/git-scm.com\">gitem<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>macOS je propojen\u00fd s n\u011bkolika fakultn\u00edmi slu\u017ebami. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 se na libovoln\u00e9m Macu p\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00ed sv\u00fdm \u0161koln\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtem z\u00edskan\u00fdm z LDAP serveru. Domovskou slo\u017eku jim p\u0159ipoj\u00ed <a href=\"http:\/\/www.apple.com\/business\/docs\/Autofs.pdf\">automount<\/a> p\u0159es s\u00ed\u0165 protokolem NFSv3. K dat\u016fm maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup z jak\u00e9koliv u\u010debny a libovoln\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Pokud by na n\u011bkter\u00e9m z po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f padal syst\u00e9m, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 topil nebo doch\u00e1zelo m\u00edsto na disku, dozv\u00edme se to v syst\u00e9mu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nagios.org\">Nagios<\/a>, kam Macy pos\u00edlaj\u00ed informace o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm stavu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Server pro u\u010debnu<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>V serverovn\u011b sed\u00ed jeden Mac mini, na kter\u00e9m provozujeme VMware <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vmware.com\/products\/vsphere-hypervisor\">ESXi<\/a>. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje b\u011bh v\u00edce instanc\u00ed macOS z\u00e1rove\u0148 bez p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9 re\u017eie. Vedle produk\u010dn\u00ed virtu\u00e1lky m\u016f\u017eeme zapnout n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch testovac\u00edch. Jednou denn\u011b automaticky prob\u00edh\u00e1 z\u00e1loha skriptem <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/lamw\/ghettoVCB\">ghettoVCB<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj obsahuje macOS s nainstalovan\u00fdm modulem <a href=\"http:\/\/www.apple.com\/osx\/server\/\">Server<\/a>. Pod n\u00edm b\u011b\u017e\u00ed ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd NetBoot a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/support\/osxserver\/profilemanager\/\">Profile Manager<\/a> ur\u010den\u00fd ke konfiguraci klient\u016f. Administr\u00e1torovi jsou po ruce n\u00e1stroje pro spr\u00e1vu slu\u017eeb jako DeployStudio Admin, <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hjuutilainen\/munkiadmin\">MunkAdmin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/lindegroup\/autopkgr\">AutoPkgr<\/a> nebo <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jessepeterson\/margarita\">Margarita<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Podpora v\u00edce opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed, co uvid\u00ed u\u017eivatel po startu Macu v u\u010debn\u011b, je EFI boot manager <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rodsbooks.com\/refind\/\">rEFInd<\/a>. Vedle macOS, Linux nebo Windows lze nastartovat i do syst\u00e9mu pro instalaci u\u010deben b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9m na \u0161koln\u00edch PC. To zaji\u0161\u0165uje program <a href=\"http:\/\/ipxe.org\">iPXE<\/a> supluj\u00edc\u00ed chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed PXE podporu ve firmware Macu. P\u0159es s\u00ed\u0165 proto m\u016f\u017ee nastartovat diskless syst\u00e9m a nasadit Windows a Linux na druh\u00fd disk po\u010d\u00edta\u010de.<\/p>\n\n\n\r\n    <div>        \r\n    <video id=\"plyr69f5f22d7129f\" data-poster=\"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/share\/video\/multiboot_still.png\" controls class=\"easy-video-player no-volume no-background\">\r\n       <source src=\"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/share\/video\/multiboot.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\" \/>\r\n    <\/video>\r\n    <\/div>    <script>\r\n        const evplayerplyr69f5f22d7129f = new Plyr(document.getElementById('plyr69f5f22d7129f'));\r\n        evplayerplyr69f5f22d7129f.ratio = '0.4625';\r\n        evplayerplyr69f5f22d7129f.iconUrl = 'https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/wp-content\/plugins\/easy-video-player\/lib\/plyr.svg';\r\n        evplayerplyr69f5f22d7129f.blankVideo = 'https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/wp-content\/plugins\/easy-video-player\/lib\/blank.mp4';  \r\n    <\/script>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\nngg_shortcode_0_placeholder\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u011bkuji ICT odd\u011blen\u00ed za spolupr\u00e1ci p\u0159i realizaci u\u010debny. Zejm\u00e9na Tom\u00e1\u0161i Kadlecovi, Marinu B\u00edl\u00e9mu, Milanu V\u00e1clav\u00edkovi a Luk\u00e1\u0161i Kudrnovi. Rovn\u011b\u017e d\u011bkuji doktor\u016fm Rudolfu Bla\u017ekovi a Tom\u00e1\u0161i Zahradnick\u00e9mu, bez nich\u017e by u\u010debna nevznikla.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Od roku 2014 spravuji na FITu Apple u\u010debnu ur\u010denou k v\u00fduce v\u00fdvoje aplikac\u00ed pro Apple platformy. Projekt pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 moje bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce P\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e1 studie Apple u\u010debny na \u010cVUT FIT a diplomov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce Provoz Apple laborato\u0159e pro FIT \u010cVUT. Vzhledem k nepodpo\u0159e macOS Big Sur na Mac mini 2012 se \u017eivot p\u016fvodn\u00ed u\u010debny se ch\u00fdl\u00ed ke konci. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/?page_id=758\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;AppleLab na FIT \u010cVUT&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":644,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-758","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=758"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1405,"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/758\/revisions\/1405"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/macadmin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}